Hydrocele

Hydrocele is a abnormal collection of fluid in between two layers of the tunica vaginalisThe serous sheath covering testis and epididymis, derived from the peritoneum, and consisting of an outer and inner serous layer.

Types of primary hydrocele

• Communicating Hydrocele:
  It is a congenital hydrocele in which fluid from the peritoneal cavity flows into the scrotum through a patent processus vaginalisThe processus vaginalis is an embryonic developmental outpouching of the peritoneum. It helps in descent of the testis..

• Noncommunicating Hydrocele:
  In this type, there is NO communication between tunica vaginalis and peritoneal cavity but processus vaginalis is patent.

• Hydrocele of the spermatic cord:
  In this type fluid collection is seen only in the spermatic cord. The distal end (towards the testis) of the processus vaginalis is closed properly but towards the mid portion processus vaginalis remains patent.

Secondary hydrocele are secondary to other diseases of testis or epididymis

Symptoms:
In majority of the cases the only complaint is swelling of the scrotum - painless scrotal swelling.
Some patients may complain of discomfort or pain secondary to fluid collection.

Diagnosis
Fluctuation and transilluminationA light source shines brightly through a hydrocele. test are positive. Ultrasound of the testis is advised to confirm the diagnosis and to evaluate the testis.
Evaluation of the testis is necessary, as approximately 10% of testicular tumors may have an associated hydrocele.

Treatment
In primary hydrocele surgery is the treatment of choice. A non-communicating hydrocele (a type of primary hydrocele) usually does not need to be surgically repaired, as it subside spontaneously within six to 12 months.